Meningitis

Meningitis

Aetiology 

n      A) Bacterial:

n      Three Iry pathogens

n      N. meningitidis.

n      Haemophilus influenza.

n      Strept. pneumoniae.

n      -    Mycobacterium T.B------chronic

n      Coliforms.

n      In neonates

n      B. haemolytic streptococci.

n      Listeria monocytogenes.

n      Salmonella.

n      Pseudomonas.

n      Spirochaetes

n      Leptospira.

n      Treponema pallidum.

n      Borrelia.

n      B) Viral:

n      Entero-viruses: Echo, Polio.

n      Herpes, Varicella-zoster.

n      Adeno-viruses.

n      HIV.

n      C) Fungal:

n      Cryptococcus neoformans.

n      Candida.

n      Aspergillus.

n      Mucor.

n      D) Amoeba:

n      Naegleria.

n      Investigations:

n      CSF and blood culture on chocolate or blood agar in presence of 5 – 10% Co2, before start of antibiotics.

n      Blood culture.

n      Nasopharyngeal swab culture: may be the only way to isolate meningeococci.

n      Antibiotic sensitivity tests.

n      Latex agglutination for microbial antigen.

n      PCR-DNA of microorganisms e.g. TB DNA.

 Need to know more read Lectures on applied clinical microbiology

http://www.amazon.com/Lectures-applied-clinical-microbiology-ebook/dp/B004Y0XF54